Oral Habits in Children

A habit is a frequent or constant repetition or acquired tendency which has been fixed by frequent repetition. -Buttersworth

Is the habit of thumb sucking normal?

New born babies normally have the habit of thumb sucking, if this habit continues for a long time it may cause severe damage to oro facial structure. Prolonged thumb-sucking may cause the teeth to become improperly aligned (malocclusion) or push the teeth outward. This usually corrects itself when the child stc humb-sucking. But the longer thumb-sucking continues more likely it is that orthodontic treatment will be needed.

What are the other oral habits children that are abnormal ?

Like the thumb sucking habit there are various abnormal oral habits in children, which are as follows.

Tongue thrusting: Tongue thrust is the forward movement of the tongue tip between the teeth to meet the lower lip during swallowing or speech, so that the tongue lies interdental.

Mouth breathing: It is the type of breathing pattern which influences the posture of jaws, tongue and lesser extent to the head. Thus mouth breathing leads to altered jaw and tongue position and malocclusion. It can also lead to complete or partial obstruction of nasal passage like deviated septum nasal polyps.

Lip biting: It is the habit that involves wetting of lips with the tongue or pulling the lips into the mouth.

Cheek biting: This is an abnormal habit of keeping or biting the cheek muscle in between the upper and lower teeth.

Nail biting: Biting of nail is due to inter sion, it is a child's response to a speciaLization while coping with the minor stress.

Why do children suck on things? Or what are the main causes of these habits?

Sucking is one of the baby's natural reflexes, in fact babies begin to suck their finger or thumb even before they are bom Thum sucking may be due to insecurity, due to improper feeding practice, stress, breathing problem incorrect swallowing, anxiety, due to physical or pathological problem in child.

How would these habit affect my child?

Prolonged thumb sucking causes callus on the thumb, Oral habits like tongue thrusting results into an abnormalappearance in facial structure, forward placement of upper front teeth, crower teeth, increase in spacing between upper and lower, narrowing of opper arch, improper positioning of teeth.

How can I help my child to break these all habits?

Most children stop on their own betweer e of 2 to 4 years. Excessive pressure from parents can move cam than good. Instead of scolding your child for suck praise for not sucking. Remember that children often suck their thumbs when they feel insecure or seeking comfort. Focus on correcting the cause of the anxiety and comfort your child. Reward your child when he or she avoids sucking during difficult periods, such as being separated from you. To prevent damage to the erupting teeth, apply a distasteful liquid on child's thumb or apply barrier method, especially at night. Your child's dentist can counsel them to stop sucking and explain the benefits of eliminating the habit.

What is the line of treatment available with the dentist to break these habits?

A dentist first counsels the parents and then child for breaking these habits. If these habits continue, use of mouth appliance is recommended for certain period of course. The tongue bead appliance is designed to position the acrylic bead over the posterior one-third of the tongue in alignment of the teeth. If facial profile is asymmetrical, orthodontic braces can be advised, as per the patient's oral structure. Habit breaking appliance can be either of fixed or removable type. According to the age of the child a habit breaking appliance is suggested.


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